Shades of green may abound on a Pelargonium hispidum leaf, ranging from yellow-green to dark green. Whether there are forty or more shades, relates to discrimination or visual acuity and other potentially sensitive issues. The dark green leaf patches are concentrated near the veins, as a farmer will hope his arable land to be close to the water, the soil deep if he’s lucky.

Toothed, lobed and drunkenly meandering all relate to the margins in picture.

The veins radiate from the leaf base, which is close to the centre, the basal V at the back (Vlok and Schutte-Vlok, 2021; iNaturalist).